Someone who suffers discomfort being in the sukka is exempt. This is because the mitzva is to live in the sukka in the way one normally lives at home. Just as a person does not stay in the home if one is uncomfortable, so too one is not obligated to stay in the sukka if it is uncomfortable. Having said that, a sukka is a temporary dwelling and therefore by nature is not as comfortable as a home. This lesser degree of comfort does not exempt someone from the mitzva, as we are commanded to live in a temporary dwelling. But when an additional factor (such as rain or extreme heat) increases people’s discomfort level, they are exempt.