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The Three Weeks, which begin with Shiva Asar Be-Tamuz and end with Tisha Be-Av, are a sad time. During this period, we do not hold musical performances or large parties. We also avoid buying clothing or other items which would require the recitation of the She-heĥeyanu blessing (23:23-24 above). Then, during the Nine Days that lead up to Tisha Be-Av, we curtail our joy and adopt additional mourning practices (see next section). Mourning is most intense on Tisha Be-Av itself..
During the Three Weeks, we do not listen to upbeat music. Even regular music should not be played loudly, as that gives it a celebratory feel. In the Nine Days, we do not even listen to regular music, though sad or quiet music is still allowed. Even on Tisha Be-Av itself, it is permitted to listen to songs meant to express our grief at the destruction of the Temple and the ensuing exile.
Most Jewish communities do not hold weddings during the Three Weeks. Some Sephardic communities continue to hold weddings until Av begins. However, mitzva celebrations which have set times, such as a brit mila and a pidyon ha-ben, are held even during the Nine Days. Bar and bat mitzva celebrations may be held until the beginning of Av, but only on the actual day a child reaches halakhic majority. If this birthday is during the Nine Days, the party is delayed until after Tisha Be-Av.
Most people do not get haircuts during the Three Weeks. There are diverse opinions about men’s shaving. Some do not shave during the Three Weeks, some limit this restriction to the Nine Days, and some stop only during the week of Tisha Be-Av.
Until Rosh Ĥodesh Av, taking vacations and traveling for pleasure are permitted. During Av we curtail joy, and avoid taking pleasure trips. However, educational trips or trips undertaken for health reasons are permissible.
