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Counters and sinks should be cleaned. Afterwards, boiling water should be poured over them. The most convenient way to do this is generally by using an electric kettle. Alternatively, a steam cleaner may be used. Some are meticulous and cover the surfaces as well. Counters can be covered with wax paper or thick aluminum foil. Sinks can be covered with thick aluminum foil, or inserts placed in them.
For a gas stove, the grates, gas heads, burners, and the enamel surface around them should be cleaned. It is customary to be meticulous for Passover by covering the grates with aluminum foil as well or koshering them with a blowtorch. It is also customary to leave all the burners on for about fifteen minutes after the cleaning is finished.
An electric or ceramic cooktop should be cleaned, turned on at its highest temperature, and left for half-an-hour. A warming tray used on Shabbat should be cleaned and then left on for an hour.
An oven should be cleaned, turned on, and left at its highest temperature for half-an-hour. It is preferable not to kasher baking pans, because ideally this should be done at 400ºC, which would damage their appearance. Instead, new ones should be bought for Passover or disposable ones used. Nevertheless, those who wish to kasher baking pans by leaving them in an oven at its highest temperature may do so.
A microwave should be cleaned. Then a cup or bowl with soapy water should be placed inside and microwaved for three minutes. The turntable plate in the microwave may be kashered by dipping it in boiling water. Alternatively, the plate may be covered with a piece of cardboard or hard plastic, to prevent Passover dishes and foods from coming into direct contact with it.
For a dishwasher, the drain should be cleaned of food scraps. Then the dishwasher should be run on its longest program and highest temperature.
The refrigerator, kitchen table, and kitchen cabinets should be cleaned well.
Ideally, baby bottles should be replaced for Passover. If necessary, they may be cleaned and then dipped in boiling water.
Clay and ceramic items used for hot food cannot be kashered. If they were used only with cold food, they can be cleaned and rinsed off.
Glassware and glasses used for hot food or drinks should be cleaned and then dipped in boiling water. Some authorities are more lenient, and maintain that cleaning glasses thoroughly is good enough, since they do not absorb flavors.
